SQLSERVER 2008R2保留字－K'隨手記

以下是SQLSERVER 2008R2安裝以後內建的說明文件定義的保留字

SQL Server uses reserved keywords to define, manipulate, and add databases. Reserved keywords are part of the Transact-SQL grammar that is used by SQL Server to parse and understand Transact-SQL statements and batches.

SQL Server instance names cannot match a reserved keyword. Use the following table to ensure that reserved keywords are not used in SQL Server instance names.

ADD	EXCEPT	PERCENT
ALL	EXEC	PLAN
ALTER	EXECUTE	PRECISION
AND	EXISTS	PRIMARY
ANY	EXIT	PRINT
AS	FETCH	PROC
ASC	FILE	PROCEDURE
AUTHORIZATION	FILLFACTOR	PUBLIC
BACKUP	FOR	RAISERROR
BEGIN	FOREIGN	READ
BETWEEN	FREETEXT	READTEXT
BREAK	FREETEXTTABLE	RECONFIGURE
BROWSE	FROM	REFERENCES
BULK	FULL	REPLICATION
BY	FUNCTION	RESTORE
CASCADE	GOTO	RESTRICT
CASE	GRANT	RETURN
CHECK	GROUP	REVOKE
CHECKPOINT	HAVING	RIGHT
CLOSE	HOLDLOCK	ROLLBACK
CLUSTERED	IDENTITY	ROWCOUNT
COALESCE	IDENTITY_INSERT	ROWGUIDCOL
COLLATE	IDENTITYCOL	RULE
COLUMN	IF	SAVE
COMMIT	IN	SCHEMA
COMPUTE	INDEX	SELECT
CONSTRAINT	INNER	SESSION_USER
CONTAINS	INSERT	SET
CONTAINSTABLE	INTERSECT	SETUSER
CONTINUE	INTO	SHUTDOWN
CONVERT	IS	SOME
CREATE	JOIN	STATISTICS
CROSS	KEY	SYSTEM_USER
CURRENT	KILL	TABLE
CURRENT_DATE	LEFT	TEXTSIZE
CURRENT_TIME	LIKE	THEN
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP	LINENO	TO
CURRENT_USER	LOAD	TOP
CURSOR	NATIONAL	TRAN
DATABASE	NOCHECK	TRANSACTION
DBCC	NONCLUSTERED	TRIGGER
DEALLOCATE	NOT	TRUNCATE
DECLARE	NULL	TSEQUAL
DEFAULT	NULLIF	UNION
DELETE	OF	UNIQUE
DENY	OFF	UPDATE
DESC	OFFSETS	UPDATETEXT
DISK	ON	USE
DISTINCT	OPEN	USER
DISTRIBUTED	OPENDATASOURCE	VALUES
DOUBLE	OPENQUERY	VARYING
DROP	OPENROWSET	VIEW
DUMMY	OPENXML	WAITFOR
DUMP	OPTION	WHEN
ELSE	OR	WHERE
END	ORDER	WHILE
ERRLVL	OUTER	WITH
ESCAPE	OVER	WRITETEXT

Additionally, the ISO standard defines a list of reserved keywords. Avoid using ISO reserved keywords for object names and identifiers. The ODBC reserved keyword list, shown in the following table, is the same as the ISO reserved keyword list.

Note:

The ISO reserved keywords list sometimes can be more restrictive than SQL Server and at other times less restrictive. For example, the ISO reserved keywords list contains INT. SQL Server does not treat INT as a reserved keyword.

ODBC Reserved Keywords

The following words are reserved for use in ODBC function calls. These words do not constrain the minimum SQL grammar. However, to ensure compatibility with drivers that support the core SQL grammar, avoid using these keywords in SQL Server instance names.

ABSOLUTE	EXEC	OVERLAPS
ACTION	EXECUTE	PAD
ADA	EXISTS	PARTIAL
ADD	EXTERNAL	PASCAL
ALL	EXTRACT	POSITION
ALLOCATE	FALSE	PRECISION
ALTER	FETCH	PREPARE
AND	FIRST	PRESERVE
ANY	FLOAT	PRIMARY
ARE	FOR	PRIOR
AS	FOREIGN	PRIVILEGES
ASC	FORTRAN	PROCEDURE
ASSERTION	FOUND	PUBLIC
AT	FROM	READ
AUTHORIZATION	FULL	REAL
AVG	GET	REFERENCES
BEGIN	GLOBAL	RELATIVE
BETWEEN	GO	RESTRICT
BIT	GOTO	REVOKE
BIT_LENGTH	GRANT	RIGHT
BOTH	GROUP	ROLLBACK
BY	HAVING	ROWS
CASCADE	HOUR	SCHEMA
CASCADED	IDENTITY	SCROLL
CASE	IMMEDIATE	SECOND
CAST	IN	SECTION
CATALOG	INCLUDE	SELECT
CHAR	INDEX	SESSION
CHAR_LENGTH	INDICATOR	SESSION_USER
CHARACTER	INITIALLY	SET
CHARACTER_LENGTH	INNER	SIZE
CHECK	INPUT	SMALLINT
CLOSE	INSENSITIVE	SOME
COALESCE	INSERT	SPACE
COLLATE	INT	SQL
COLLATION	INTEGER	SQLCA
COLUMN	INTERSECT	SQLCODE
COMMIT	INTERVAL	SQLERROR
CONNECT	INTO	SQLSTATE
CONNECTION	IS	SQLWARNING
CONSTRAINT	ISOLATION	SUBSTRING
CONSTRAINTS	JOIN	SUM
CONTINUE	KEY	SYSTEM_USER
CONVERT	LANGUAGE	TABLE
CORRESPONDING	LAST	TEMPORARY
COUNT	LEADING	THEN
CREATE	LEFT	TIME
CROSS	LEVEL	TIMESTAMP
CURRENT	LIKE	TIMEZONE_HOUR
CURRENT_DATE	LOCAL	TIMEZONE_MINUTE
CURRENT_TIME	LOWER	TO
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP	MATCH	TRAILING
CURRENT_USER	MAX	TRANSACTION
CURSOR	MIN	TRANSLATE
DATE	MINUTE	TRANSLATION
DAY	MODULE	TRIM
DEALLOCATE	MONTH	TRUE
DEC	NAMES	UNION
DECIMAL	NATIONAL	UNIQUE
DECLARE	NATURAL	UNKNOWN
DEFAULT	NCHAR	UPDATE
DEFERRABLE	NEXT	UPPER
DEFERRED	NO	USAGE
DELETE	NONE	USER
DESC	NOT	USING
DESCRIBE	NULL	VALUE
DESCRIPTOR	NULLIF	VALUES
DIAGNOSTICS	NUMERIC	VARCHAR
DISCONNECT	OCTET_LENGTH	VARYING
DISTINCT	OF	VIEW
DOMAIN	ON	WHEN
DOUBLE	ONLY	WHENEVER
DROP	OPEN	WHERE
ELSE	OPTION	WITH
END	OR	WORK
END-EXEC	ORDER	WRITE
ESCAPE	OUTER	YEAR
EXCEPT	OUTPUT	ZONE
EXCEPTION

The following table contains words reserved for use by Multidimensional Expressions (MDX). You should not use these words as part of any identifier, such as a cube name, or user-defined function name, in MDX.

ABSOLUTE	DESC	LEAVES	SELF_BEFORE_AFTER
ACTIONPARAMETERSET	DESCENDANTS	LEVEL	SESSION
ADDCALCULATEDMEMBERS	DESCRIPTION	LEVELS	SET
AFTER	DIMENSION	LINKMEMBER	SETTOARRAY
AGGREGATE	DIMENSIONS	LINREGINTERCEPT	SETTOSTR
ALL	DISTINCT	LINREGPOINT	SORT
ALLMEMBERS	DISTINCTCOUNT	LINREGR2	STDDEV
ANCESTOR	DRILLDOWNLEVEL	LINREGSLOPE	STDDEVP
ANCESTORS	DRILLDOWNLEVELBOTTOM	LINREGVARIANCE	STDEV
AND	DRILLDOWNLEVELTOP	LOOKUPCUBE	STDEVP
AS	DRILLDOWNMEMBER	MAX	STORAGE
ASC	DRILLDOWNMEMBERBOTTOM	MEASURE	STRIPCALCULATEDMEMBERS
ASCENDANTS	DRILLDOWNMEMBERTOP	MEDIAN	STRTOMEMBER
AVERAGE	DRILLUPLEVEL	MEMBER	STRTOSET
AXIS	DRILLUPMEMBER	MEMBERS	STRTOTUPLE
BASC	DROP	MEMBERTOSTR	STRTOVAL
BDESC	EMPTY	MIN	STRTOVALUE
BEFORE	END	MTD	SUBSET
BEFORE_AND_AFTER	ERROR	NAME	SUM
BOTTOMCOUNT	EXCEPT	NAMETOSET	TAIL
BOTTOMPERCENT	EXCLUDEEMPTY	NEST	THIS
BOTTOMSUM	EXTRACT	NEXTMEMBER	TOGGLEDRILLSTATE
BY	FALSE	NO_ALLOCATION	TOPCOUNT
CACHE	FILTER	NO_PROPERTIES	TOPPERCENT
CALCULATE	FIRSTCHILD	NON	TOPSUM
CALCULATION	FIRSTSIBLING	NONEMPTYCROSSJOIN	TOTALS
CALCULATIONCURRENTPASS	FOR	NOT_RELATED_TO_FACTS	TREE
CALCULATIONPASSVALUE	FREEZE	NULL	TRUE
CALCULATIONS	FROM	ON	TUPLETOSTR
CALL	GENERATE	OPENINGPERIOD	TYPE
CELL	GLOBAL	OR	UNION
CELLFORMULASETLIST	GROUP	PAGES	UNIQUE
CHAPTERS	GROUPING	PARALLELPERIOD	UNIQUENAME
CHILDREN	HEAD	PARENT	UPDATE
CLEAR	HIDDEN	PASS	USE
CLOSINGPERIOD	HIERARCHIZE	PERIODSTODATE	USE_EQUAL_ALLOCATION
COALESCEEMPTY	HIERARCHY	POST	USE_WEIGHTED_ALLOCATION
COLUMN	IGNORE	PREDICT	USE_WEIGHTED_INCREMENT
COLUMNS	IIF	PREVMEMBER	USERNAME
CORRELATION	INCLUDEEMPTY	PROPERTIES	VALIDMEASURE
COUNT	INDEX	PROPERTY	VALUE
COUSIN	INTERSECT	QTD	VAR
COVARIANCE	IS	RANK	VARIANCE
COVARIANCEN	ISANCESTOR	RECURSIVE	VARIANCEP
CREATE	ISEMPTY	RELATIVE	VARP
CREATEPROPERTYSET	ISGENERATION	ROLLUPCHILDREN	VISUAL
CREATEVIRTUALDIMENSION	ISLEAF	ROOT	VISUALTOTALS
CROSSJOIN	ISSIBLING	ROWS	WHERE
CUBE	ITEM	SCOPE	WITH
CURRENT	LAG	SECTIONS	WTD
CURRENTCUBE	LASTCHILD	SELECT	XOR
CURRENTMEMBER	LASTPERIODS	SELF	YTD
DEFAULT_MEMBER	LASTSIBLING	SELF_AND_AFTER
DEFAULTMEMBER	LEAD	SELF_AND_BEFORE

Microsoft SQL Server uses reserved keywords for defining, manipulating, and accessing databases. Reserved keywords are part of the grammar of the Transact-SQL language that is used by SQL Server to parse and understand Transact-SQL statements and batches. Although it is syntactically possible to use SQL Server reserved keywords as identifiers and object names in Transact-SQL scripts, you can do this only by using delimited identifiers.

The following table lists SQL Server reserved keywords.

ADD	EXISTS	PRECISION
ALL	EXIT	PRIMARY
ALTER	EXTERNAL	PRINT
AND	FETCH	PROC
ANY	FILE	PROCEDURE
AS	FILLFACTOR	PUBLIC
ASC	FOR	RAISERROR
AUTHORIZATION	FOREIGN	READ
BACKUP	FREETEXT	READTEXT
BEGIN	FREETEXTTABLE	RECONFIGURE
BETWEEN	FROM	REFERENCES
BREAK	FULL	REPLICATION
BROWSE	FUNCTION	RESTORE
BULK	GOTO	RESTRICT
BY	GRANT	RETURN
CASCADE	GROUP	REVERT
CASE	HAVING	REVOKE
CHECK	HOLDLOCK	RIGHT
CHECKPOINT	IDENTITY	ROLLBACK
CLOSE	IDENTITY_INSERT	ROWCOUNT
CLUSTERED	IDENTITYCOL	ROWGUIDCOL
COALESCE	IF	RULE
COLLATE	IN	SAVE
COLUMN	INDEX	SCHEMA
COMMIT	INNER	SECURITYAUDIT
COMPUTE	INSERT	SELECT
CONSTRAINT	INTERSECT	SESSION_USER
CONTAINS	INTO	SET
CONTAINSTABLE	IS	SETUSER
CONTINUE	JOIN	SHUTDOWN
CONVERT	KEY	SOME
CREATE	KILL	STATISTICS
CROSS	LEFT	SYSTEM_USER
CURRENT	LIKE	TABLE
CURRENT_DATE	LINENO	TABLESAMPLE
CURRENT_TIME	LOAD	TEXTSIZE
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP	MERGE	THEN
CURRENT_USER	NATIONAL	TO
CURSOR	NOCHECK	TOP
DATABASE	NONCLUSTERED	TRAN
DBCC	NOT	TRANSACTION
DEALLOCATE	NULL	TRIGGER
DECLARE	NULLIF	TRUNCATE
DEFAULT	OF	TSEQUAL
DELETE	OFF	UNION
DENY	OFFSETS	UNIQUE
DESC	ON	UNPIVOT
DISK	OPEN	UPDATE
DISTINCT	OPENDATASOURCE	UPDATETEXT
DISTRIBUTED	OPENQUERY	USE
DOUBLE	OPENROWSET	USER
DROP	OPENXML	VALUES
DUMP	OPTION	VARYING
ELSE	OR	VIEW
END	ORDER	WAITFOR
ERRLVL	OUTER	WHEN
ESCAPE	OVER	WHERE
EXCEPT	PERCENT	WHILE
EXEC	PIVOT	WITH
EXECUTE	PLAN	WRITETEXT

Note:

The ISO standards reserved keywords list sometimes can be more restrictive than SQL Server and at other times less restrictive. For example, the ISO reserved keywords list contains INT. SQL Server does not have to distinguish this as a reserved keyword.

Transact-SQL reserved keywords can be used as identifiers or names of databases or database objects, such as tables, columns, views, and so on. Use either quoted identifiers or delimited identifiers. Using reserved keywords as the names of variables and stored procedure parameters is not restricted. For more information, see Using Identifiers As Object Names.

ODBC Reserved Keywords

The following words are reserved for use in ODBC function calls. These words do not constrain the minimum SQL grammar; however, to ensure compatibility with drivers that support the core SQL grammar, applications should avoid using these keywords.

This is the current list of ODBC reserved keywords.

ABSOLUTE	EXEC	OVERLAPS
ACTION	EXECUTE	PAD
ADA	EXISTS	PARTIAL
ADD	EXTERNAL	PASCAL
ALL	EXTRACT	POSITION
ALLOCATE	FALSE	PRECISION
ALTER	FETCH	PREPARE
AND	FIRST	PRESERVE
ANY	FLOAT	PRIMARY
ARE	FOR	PRIOR
AS	FOREIGN	PRIVILEGES
ASC	FORTRAN	PROCEDURE
ASSERTION	FOUND	PUBLIC
AT	FROM	READ
AUTHORIZATION	FULL	REAL
AVG	GET	REFERENCES
BEGIN	GLOBAL	RELATIVE
BETWEEN	GO	RESTRICT
BIT	GOTO	REVOKE
BIT_LENGTH	GRANT	RIGHT
BOTH	GROUP	ROLLBACK
BY	HAVING	ROWS
CASCADE	HOUR	SCHEMA
CASCADED	IDENTITY	SCROLL
CASE	IMMEDIATE	SECOND
CAST	IN	SECTION
CATALOG	INCLUDE	SELECT
CHAR	INDEX	SESSION
CHAR_LENGTH	INDICATOR	SESSION_USER
CHARACTER	INITIALLY	SET
CHARACTER_LENGTH	INNER	SIZE
CHECK	INPUT	SMALLINT
CLOSE	INSENSITIVE	SOME
COALESCE	INSERT	SPACE
COLLATE	INT	SQL
COLLATION	INTEGER	SQLCA
COLUMN	INTERSECT	SQLCODE
COMMIT	INTERVAL	SQLERROR
CONNECT	INTO	SQLSTATE
CONNECTION	IS	SQLWARNING
CONSTRAINT	ISOLATION	SUBSTRING
CONSTRAINTS	JOIN	SUM
CONTINUE	KEY	SYSTEM_USER
CONVERT	LANGUAGE	TABLE
CORRESPONDING	LAST	TEMPORARY
COUNT	LEADING	THEN
CREATE	LEFT	TIME
CROSS	LEVEL	TIMESTAMP
CURRENT	LIKE	TIMEZONE_HOUR
CURRENT_DATE	LOCAL	TIMEZONE_MINUTE
CURRENT_TIME	LOWER	TO
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP	MATCH	TRAILING
CURRENT_USER	MAX	TRANSACTION
CURSOR	MIN	TRANSLATE
DATE	MINUTE	TRANSLATION
DAY	MODULE	TRIM
DEALLOCATE	MONTH	TRUE
DEC	NAMES	UNION
DECIMAL	NATIONAL	UNIQUE
DECLARE	NATURAL	UNKNOWN
DEFAULT	NCHAR	UPDATE
DEFERRABLE	NEXT	UPPER
DEFERRED	NO	USAGE
DELETE	NONE	USER
DESC	NOT	USING
DESCRIBE	NULL	VALUE
DESCRIPTOR	NULLIF	VALUES
DIAGNOSTICS	NUMERIC	VARCHAR
DISCONNECT	OCTET_LENGTH	VARYING
DISTINCT	OF	VIEW
DOMAIN	ON	WHEN
DOUBLE	ONLY	WHENEVER
DROP	OPEN	WHERE
ELSE	OPTION	WITH
END	OR	WORK
END-EXEC	ORDER	WRITE
ESCAPE	OUTER	YEAR
EXCEPT	OUTPUT	ZONE
EXCEPTION

Future Keywords

The following keywords could be reserved in future releases of SQL Server as new features are implemented. Consider avoiding the use of these words as identifiers.

ABSOLUTE	HOST	RELATIVE
ACTION	HOUR	RELEASE
ADMIN	IGNORE	RESULT
AFTER	IMMEDIATE	RETURNS
AGGREGATE	INDICATOR	ROLE
ALIAS	INITIALIZE	ROLLUP
ALLOCATE	INITIALLY	ROUTINE
ARE	INOUT	ROW
ARRAY	INPUT	ROWS
ASENSITIVE	INT	SAVEPOINT
ASSERTION	INTEGER	SCROLL
ASYMMETRIC	INTERSECTION	SCOPE
AT	INTERVAL	SEARCH
ATOMIC	ISOLATION	SECOND
BEFORE	ITERATE	SECTION
BINARY	LANGUAGE	SENSITIVE
BIT	LARGE	SEQUENCE
BLOB	LAST	SESSION
BOOLEAN	LATERAL	SETS
BOTH	LEADING	SIMILAR
BREADTH	LESS	SIZE
CALL	LEVEL	SMALLINT
CALLED	LIKE_REGEX	SPACE
CARDINALITY	LIMIT	SPECIFIC
CASCADED	LN	SPECIFICTYPE
CAST	LOCAL	SQL
CATALOG	LOCALTIME	SQLEXCEPTION
CHAR	LOCALTIMESTAMP	SQLSTATE
CHARACTER	LOCATOR	SQLWARNING
CLASS	MAP	START
CLOB	MATCH	STATE
COLLATION	MEMBER	STATEMENT
COLLECT	METHOD	STATIC
COMPLETION	MINUTE	STDDEV_POP
CONDITION	MOD	STDDEV_SAMP
CONNECT	MODIFIES	STRUCTURE
CONNECTION	MODIFY	SUBMULTISET
CONSTRAINTS	MODULE	SUBSTRING_REGEX
CONSTRUCTOR	MONTH	SYMMETRIC
CORR	MULTISET	SYSTEM
CORRESPONDING	NAMES	TEMPORARY
COVAR_POP	NATURAL	TERMINATE
COVAR_SAMP	NCHAR	THAN
CUBE	NCLOB	TIME
CUME_DIST	NEW	TIMESTAMP
CURRENT_CATALOG	NEXT	TIMEZONE_HOUR
CURRENT_DEFAULT_TRANSFORM_GROUP	NO	TIMEZONE_MINUTE
CURRENT_PATH	NONE	TRAILING
CURRENT_ROLE	NORMALIZE	TRANSLATE_REGEX
CURRENT_SCHEMA	NUMERIC	TRANSLATION
CURRENT_TRANSFORM_GROUP_FOR_TYPE	OBJECT	TREAT
CYCLE	OCCURRENCES_REGEX	TRUE
DATA	OLD	UESCAPE
DATE	ONLY	UNDER
DAY	OPERATION	UNKNOWN
DEC	ORDINALITY	UNNEST
DECIMAL	OUT	USAGE
DEFERRABLE	OVERLAY	USING
DEFERRED	OUTPUT	VALUE
DEPTH	PAD	VAR_POP
DEREF	PARAMETER	VAR_SAMP
DESCRIBE	PARAMETERS	VARCHAR
DESCRIPTOR	PARTIAL	VARIABLE
DESTROY	PARTITION	WHENEVER
DESTRUCTOR	PATH	WIDTH_BUCKET
DETERMINISTIC	POSTFIX	WITHOUT
DICTIONARY	PREFIX	WINDOW
DIAGNOSTICS	PREORDER	WITHIN
DISCONNECT	PREPARE	WORK
DOMAIN	PERCENT_RANK	WRITE
DYNAMIC	PERCENTILE_CONT	XMLAGG
EACH	PERCENTILE_DISC	XMLATTRIBUTES
ELEMENT	POSITION_REGEX	XMLBINARY
END-EXEC	PRESERVE	XMLCAST
EQUALS	PRIOR	XMLCOMMENT
EVERY	PRIVILEGES	XMLCONCAT
EXCEPTION	RANGE	XMLDOCUMENT
FALSE	READS	XMLELEMENT
FILTER	REAL	XMLEXISTS
FIRST	RECURSIVE	XMLFOREST
FLOAT	REF	XMLITERATE
FOUND	REFERENCING	XMLNAMESPACES
FREE	REGR_AVGX	XMLPARSE
FULLTEXTTABLE	REGR_AVGY	XMLPI
FUSION	REGR_COUNT	XMLQUERY
GENERAL	REGR_INTERCEPT	XMLSERIALIZE
GET	REGR_R2	XMLTABLE
GLOBAL	REGR_SLOPE	XMLTEXT
GO	REGR_SXX	XMLVALIDATE
GROUPING	REGR_SXY	YEAR
HOLD	REGR_SYY	ZONE